Welcome to the DeVry University - Kansas City MLA Works Cited Examples page.  The links on this site will provide information on how to prepare a Works Cited list for papers written in the Modern Language Association (MLA) format.  This site focuses on some of the most common questions received at our library regarding the creation of a Works Cited list.  Click on the links listed above to display information for creating an MLA Works Cited list.  Examples (in bold print) will be listed for several kinds of resources that are frequently used by DeVry Kansas City students.  The links listed in the Works Cited section will include examples of Works Cited entries for other types of sources, as well as information on how to cite your sources within the text of your paper (parenthetical citations). While using this tutorial, please keep in mind the following information:

• The examples in the tutorial are listed with bold print and increased indentation for emphasis purposes. In your actual Works Cited list, the entries should not be listed in bold print.  Follow the guidelines in the 6th edition of the MLA Handbook regarding the standard indentation for an actual Works Cited list.
• Your professor may have other specific requirements for submitted papers (abstracts, annotated bibliographies, etc.).  Check with your professor to make sure your paper meets their additional requirements.
• Throughout this web site, lists are available that detail the types of information that can be included in a citation.  If the source does not include every listed criteria, create the citation using the information that is available.

The Works Cited list begins on the first new page immediately following the end of your report.  The page numbers for the Works Cited list will continue from the end of the report (if the last page of the report is page 15, the Works Cited list will begin on page 16).  The page number is aligned with the far right margin, one-half inch from the top of the page.  The title Works Cited (no underlining, italics, or quotation marks) appears one inch from the top of the page and is centered on the line.  There should be double spacing between the title and the first entry of the list.  The beginning of each entry is aligned with the left margin; subsequent lines of the same entry are to be indented one-half inch from the left margin.  There should be double spacing within an entry as well as between each entry (Gibaldi 145; Purdue 6).  For example, the previous two sentences, written as entries, would look like this:

The beginning of each entry is aligned with the left margin; subsequent lines of the same entry

are to be indented one-half inch from the left margin.

There should be double spacing within an entry as well as between each entry.

Italics or Underlining?
In MLA format, you can use either italics or underlining to provide emphasis.  Regardless of which one you choose to use, make sure that the style is used consistently throughout your report, including the Works Cited list (Purdue 6). For this tutorial, the underlining option will be used.

Basic Format for Print Book Citations:

The basic format for printed book entries is as follows (Gibaldi 147; Purdue 7):

Author(s). Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication.

Other pieces of information may be required to complete the entry. When available, the additional book information should be entered in the following order (Gibaldi 152):

1. Author's name (Last Name, First Name format)
2. Title of a part of the book (this is used mostly for works from an anthology or for articles from reference books)
3. Title of the book (underlined)
4. Name of the editor, translator or compiler
5. Edition of the book
6. Number(s) of the volume(s) used
7. Name of the series
8. Place of publication (followed by a colon [:]), publisher name, and date of publication
9. Page numbers (if using a work found in an anthology)
10. Supplementary bibliographic information/annotation (if available)

One Author:

An entry for a book with one author would be written as follows:

Black, Uyless. Voice Over IP. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall Series in Advanced Communications

Technologies. Upper Saddle River: Prentice, 2002.

Black, Uyless. Internet Telephony: Call Processing Protocols. Prentice Hall Series in Advanced

Communications Technologies. Upper Saddle River: Prentice, 2001.

---. Voice Over IP. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall Series in Advanced Communications Technologies. Upper

Saddle River: Prentice, 2002.

Two or Three Authors:

For books with two or three authors, list the authors in the order they appear on the title page of the book.  The first author will be listed in Last Name, First Name format.  The remaining authors are to be listed in First Name Last Name format.  Add a comma between the names.  If the names on the title page are editors, translators, or compilers, place a comma after the final name, then add the appropriate abbreviation (eds., trans., or comps.) (Gibaldi 154).

McManus, Jeffrey P., and Chris Kinsman. Visual Basic .NET Developer's Guide to ASP.NET, XML,

and ADO.NET. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 2002.

More than Three Authors:

For books with more than three authors, you can list all of their names, or you can use just the name of the first author, followed by "et al." (the abbreviation for the Latin phrase "and others") (Gibaldi 154; Purdue 7).

Clements, Paul, et al. Documenting Software Architectures: Views and Beyond. SEI Series in Software

Engineering. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 2003.

Corporate Author:

If a book lists a corporate author (committee, association, commission, etc.), use the name of that corporation as the author.  Do not use any articles (A, An, or The) that may appear at the beginning of the corporate name (Gibaldi 157).

Syngress Media, Inc. CCSA Next Generation Check Point Certified Security Administration Study Guide

(Exam 156-210). New York: McGraw-Hill/Osborne, 2002.

No Author:

For books with no author, start the entry from the title of the book or essay/article.  Include the publication information for the source.

Current Biography. New York: Wilson, 1976.

A Work from a Collection:

The following information should be included for citing a work (such as an essay, short story, or poem) from an anthology or book collection (Gibaldi 158-59; Purdue 7-8):

1. Author of the essay, short story, poem, or other portion of the book
2. Title of the essay, short story, etc. (in quotation marks)
3. Title of the anthology or collection in which the work appears (underlined)
4. Name of the editor, translator, or compiler of the book being cited (preceded by Ed., Trans., or Comp. as needed)
5. Publication information (Place: Publisher, Year.)
6. Page number(s) (followed by a period)

Chacón, Eusebio. "Defending Cultural and Civil Rights."  Herencia: The Anthology of Hispanic Literature

of the United States.  Ed. Nicolás Kanellos.  New York: Oxford UP, 2002. 130-35.

Reference Books:

When citing a an article from a reference book that has had several editions or frequent updates, you do not need to supply the full publication information. Use the following format for the citation entry:

"Title of Article."  Title of Reference Book. Volume or Edition information. Year of Publication.

"Madagascar."  The New Encyclopaedia Britannica.  Volume 23.  15th ed.  2002.

Lewis, David Levering.  "Harlem Renaissance."  Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African

American Experience.  Eds. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, Jr.  New York:

Basic Civitas, 1999.

Journals vs. Popular Magazines:

For many assignments, students may be expected to use information found in periodicals.  When using periodicals for assignments and papers, it is helpful to be familiar with the differences between popular periodicals (also known as magazines) and scholarly journals.  The following table lists some of the criteria that can be used to distinguish between these periodical sources.

CRITERIA	POPULAR MAGAZINE	SCHOLARLY JOURNAL
Advertising	Many advertisements (often in color) for a wide variety of general items; ads may not be specifically related to the subject matter of the periodical	Few advertisements (usually in black & white); existing ads are typically for products or services that are specific to the audience or subject matter of the periodical
Appearance/Look	Glossy, eye-catching appearance	Less emphasis on eye-catching design
Audience/Language	Written for the general public; non-technical language	Written for students, scholars, and researchers in that specific field (using the language or terminology of that field)
Authorship	Articles are typically written by journalists, freelance writers, or magazine editorial staff; some articles are unsigned	Articles are written by an expert or researcher in the field; credentials are given for the author(s)
Contents	General interest or current events; occasional summarization of  research of current interest	Research topics; original research or continuation of previous studies; literature reviews
Editors	Articles are reviewed or evaluated by magazine editorial staff; focus on readability or style of work	Articles are reviewed or evaluated by a group or board of experts in the subject area; focus on the validity and reliability of the research
Format/Structure	No specific structure or format for individual articles	Visible structure for articles, which can include the following sections: abstract, literature review, methodology, results, conclusion, and bibliography
Frequency	Typically produced more frequently (daily, weekly, biweekly, or sometimes monthly)	Typically produced less frequently (annually, bi-annually, quarterly, bimonthly, monthly)
Illustrations & Special Features	Many illustrations, usually in color (photos, editorial cartoons, etc.)	Fewer illustrations; usually reserved for tables, statistics, or charts that supplement the information presented in the articles
Indexes	Included in general periodical indexes, such as Reader's Guide	Included in specialized periodical indexes, such as Applied Science and Technology
Length of Articles	Shorter articles; broad coverage of topic	Longer articles; more thorough review or analysis of topic
Level	General, "popular" focus; current information	Scholarly, research-oriented focus; more specific
Notes/References	References may be occasionally given, but usually there is no "References" or "Works Cited" section at the end of an article	Sources for information are listed, usually at the end of each article; may also use footnotes, bibliographies, or in-text citations
Pagination	Each issue begins at page 1	Page numbers are often continuous throughout the complete volume (Issue 1 ends at page 150, Issue 2 starts at page 151, etc.)
Publishers	Typically published by general, commercial, or for-profit presses	Typically published by professional societies or college/university presses

(The information in this table was compiled from the following sources: "Scholarly Journal v. Popular Magazine Articles" (University of Texas at San Antonio); "Magazine vs. Journal" (Montana State University); "What's the Difference Between Journals and Magazines?" (Guilford Technical Community College).  Complete citation information for these sources can be found in the Works Cited section of this tutorial.)

Basic Format for Print Article Citations:

The basic format for printed articles will consist of the author name, the title of the article, and the publication information.  There will be some differences in the exact form of the citation, depending on the type of periodical that is cited.  Similar to book citations, article citations can include additional information.  When available, the additional article information should be entered in the following order (Gibaldi 184):

1. Author's name 
2. Title of the article (in quotation marks)
3. Name of the periodical (underlined)
4. Series number or name (if relevant)
5. Volume number and issue number (use for scholarly journals; separate the numbers with a period)
6. Date of publication
7. Page number(s)
8. Supplementary information

Newspaper Articles:

For newspaper articles, the basic citation format is as follows:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Source Date of Publication: pages.

Wagar, Kit.  "Divisive Budget Dispute Erupts in Jefferson City."  Kansas City Star 6 June 2003: A1+.

Magazine Articles:

The basic citation format for magazine articles is similar to newspaper article citations.  For magazines that are published weekly or biweekly, use the Day Month Year format for the date of publication.  For magazines that are published monthly, use the month(s) and year listed for the issue. Do not include volume or issue numbers in newspaper citation entries. Longer magazine articles may not be consecutively paged.  In this situation, list the first page of the magazine article, followed by a plus (+) sign (Gibaldi 187-88).

Brown, Chappell.  "Photonic Tech Comes to Light."  Electronic Engineering Times 2 June 2003: 18+.

Hamilton, Anita.  "Driving Into the Future." Time 2 June 2003: 48-50.

Journal Articles:

The basic citation format for scholarly journals is as follows:

Author(s).  "Title of Article." Title of Journal Volume.Issue (Year): pages.

Mott, Robert L. "Future Directions for Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Industrial Engineering Technology

Programs." Journal of Engineering Technology 19.1 (2002): 8-15.

Basic Format for Electronic Source Citations:

In general, a Works Cited entry for an electronic resource can consist of the following areas (Gibaldi 208):

Author's name. "Title of the document." Information about the print publication. Information about the

electronic publication. Access information.

1. Name of author, editor, compiler or translator (reversed for alphabetizing; abbreviations (ed., comp., or trans.) as needed)
2. Title of the article, essay, short story, poem, other short work within a scholarly project, database, or periodical (in quotation marks); or the title of a posting to a discussion list or forum (from the subject line of the post, in quotation marks), followed by the description (such as Online posting)
3. Title of the book (underlined)
4. Name of the editor, compiler, or translator of the text (if not already cited above); using abbreviations (ed., comp., or trans.)
5. Publication information for any print version of the source
6. Title of the scholarly project, database, periodical, or professional or personal site (underlined); if the professional or personal site does not have a title, use a description (such as Home page)
7. Name of the editor of the site (if available)
8. Version number of the source (if not already a part of the title of the source); for journals; the volume number, issue number, or other identifying number (Part 1, etc.)
9. Date of electronic publication, posting, or most recent update
10. For a subscription service, the name of the service; if a library (or a library consortium) subscribes to that service, the name and city (and, if necessary, the state abbreviation) of the library/subscriber
11. The name of the discussion list or forum
12. The number range or total number of pages, paragraphs, or other sections, if they are numbered
13. Name of the institution or organization associated with the Web site
14. Date the source was accessed by the researcher (followed by a period)
15. URL of the source, in angle brackets(<>); if the URL is lengthy, use the URL of the site's search page.  If the site is from a personal subscription service (such as America Online), use the URL of the main page of the service (if known), followed by the keyword assigned by the service (preceded by the word Keyword and a colon [:]), or the sequence of links used to access the source (preceded by the word Path and a colon [:]; use a semicolon [;] to separate the names of the links (Gibaldi 213, 230))

Web Site:

A citation entry for an entire personal web site will have the following format:

Name of Creator. Title of Site. Date of creation or latest revision. Date of access <URL of Site>.

Hughes, Tracey. Tracey Hughes's Genealogy Home Page. 27 May 2003.  13 June 2003

<http://www.geocities.com/blk3953/>.

1. Title of site (underlined)
2. Name of editor of the site (if available; First Name Last Name format)
3. Electronic publication information (version number (if relevant); date of electronic publication/latest update (followed by a period); name of affiliated institution or organization)
4. Date of access and URL of site

MLA Works Cited Examples. Ed. Tracey Hughes. 18 June 2003.  James E. Lovan Lib., DeVry U., Kansas

City.  19 June 2003 <http://library.kc.devry.edu/mla/mlaindex.html>.

Article from a Web Site:

A citation entry for an article from a web site will have the following format:

Author(s). "Article Title." Name of web site. Date of posting/revision. Name of affiliated institution

or organization. Date of access <URL of site>.

"American Library Association (ALA) Welcomes Introduction of Surveillance Oversight and Disclosure Act

Today in House of Representatives." American Library Association (ALA) News. 11 June 2003.

ALA. 19 June 2003 <http://www.ala.org/Template.cfm?Section=News>.

Article from an Online Journal or Magazine:

The format for online journal and magazine articles will be similar to the format for their print articles counterpart, with additional information included for the electronic source.  A typical citation entry for such articles can include the following information (Gibaldi 186):

1. Author's name (if available)
2. Title of the work (in quotation marks)
3. Name of the periodical (underlined)
4. Volume and/or issue number(s) (for journals)
5. Date of publication (year only for journals; day month & year for magazines)
6. The number range or total number of pages, paragraphs, or other sections (if numbered or available)
7. Date of access
8. URL of site

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Magazine Day Month Year: Pages/Paragraphs.  Date of access

<URL of magazine site>.

Author(s).  "Title of Article."  Title of Journal Volume.Issue (Year): Pages/Paragraphs.

Date of access <URL of journal site>.

Melzer, Daniel and Pavel Zemliansky. "Research Writing in First-Year Composition and Across Disciplines:

Assignments, Attitudes, and Student Performance."  Kairos 8.1 (2003). 30 June 2003

<http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/8.1/binder.html?features/melzer/kairosfront.htm>

Article from a Subscription Database:

A citation entry for an article from a subscription database will have the following format:

For magazines:

Author(s).  "Title of Article."  Title of Magazine Day Month Year: Pages. Name of database. Name of

service. Name and location of subscribing library. Date of access <URL of site>.

Author(s). "Title of Article."  Title of Journal Volume.Issue (Year): Pages. Name of database. Name of

service. Name and location of subscribing library. Date of access <URL of site>.

Poock, Michael. "African American Graduate Enrollment: The Impact of Online Applications." College

Student Affairs Journal 20.2 (2001): 72-81. ProQuest Education Complete. ProQuest.  James E. Lovan

Lib., DeVry U., Kansas City, MO.  30 June 2003 <http://www.umi.com/proquest>.

Iheagwara, Charles, Andrew Blyth, and Mukesh Singhal. "A Comparative Experimental Evaluation Study of

Intrusion Detection System Performance in a Gigabit Environment." Journal of Computer Security

11.1 (2003): 1-33. Computer Source.  EBSCOhost.  James E. Lovan Lib., DeVry U., Kansas City, MO.

8 July 2003 <http://search.epnet.com>.

E-Book:

When preparing a Works Cited entry for an electronic book (e-book), use the basic format for printed book entries, along with additional information for the online source of the e-book. The following checklist highlights the kind of information to be included in the citation entry for an e-book (Gibaldi 218-19; "Citing eBooks"). If all of the information is not available, use the available information to create the entry:

1. Author's name (if the author is the editor, compiler, or translator, list their name followed by ed., comp., or trans.)
2. Title of the book (underlined)
3. Name of editor, compiler, or translator (if relevant)
4. Print publication information, if available (publication place, publisher and date)
5. Title of site (underlined)
6. Electronic version publication information, if available (editor of the site, version number, date of the electronic publication and the name of the affiliated institution or organization)
7. Date the source was accessed by the researcher
8. URL for book

Jenkins, Michael S.  Abstract Data Types in Java.  New York: McGraw, 1998.  netLibrary.  7 July 2003

<http://www.netlibrary.com>.

Kent, Stephen T. and Lynette I. Millett, eds. Who Goes There?: Authentication Through the Lens

of Privacy.  Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2003. National Academies Press. 

Prepublication version. 23 June 2003 <http://www.nap.edu/books/0309088968/html/>.

This tutorial provided information on creating citations for frequently used sources. There are many other types of sources that can be used in research papers and reports. The following Works Cited example provides documentation of the print and online sources that were referred to while creating this tutorial. Many of these sources also have examples of entries for other citation sources, such as pamphlets, e-mail messages, Telnet, government documents, and many others. In addition, many of these sources also provide information on the proper way to cite sources within the text of your paper ("in-text citations"). Other helpful links are also available in the "Citing Sources" section of the library's "Writing Research Papers" page. Feel free to refer to these sites as needed for further information.  If you have any questions about this tutorial, please contact Tracey Hughes, Reference Librarian.

21 May 2004 <http://legacy.netlibrary.com/help/index.asp>.  Path: Reading eBooks Online; Citing eBooks Using

APA and MLA Guidelines; MLA Citations.

Bedford/St. Martin's. 16 June 2003 <http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/humanities/list.html>.

20 May 2004 <http://www.mla.org/style_faq4>.

<http://www.lib.montana.edu/instruct/guides/magjour.html>.

20 May 2004 <http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/print/research/PDFs/r_mla.pdf>.

at San Antonio. 17 Nov. 2003 <http://www.lib.utsa.edu/Research/Subject/scholarlyguide.html>.

Coll. 20 May 2004 <http://webster.gtcc.cc.nc.us/library/jourmag.html>.